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- Archimedes Screw Pump Design Manual Download
- Archimedes Screw Parts
- Archimedes Screw Principle
- Archimedes Screw Pump Design Manual Free
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Station Design & Pump Selection. In 2005, the DPW&T retained Waste Water Management Inc., Falls Church, Va., to design the upgrade. Working closely with the DPW&T, the company determined that Archimedes screw pumps would be ideal.
Archimedes' screw was operated by hand and could raise water efficiently An Archimedes screw in Huseby south of Växjö Sweden Archimedes' screw Roman screw used to dewater mines in Spain Modern Archimedes screws which have replaced some of the windmills used to drain the polders at Kinderdijk in Holland |
3.1 Pump selection 6 3.2 Archimedean screw pumps 7 3.3 Axial flow pumps and mixed flow pumps 9 3.4 Centrifugal flow pumps 10 3.5 Specific speed 13 3.6 Pump driver 15 3.7 Net positive suction head and cavitation 15 3.8 System characteristics 16 3.9 System calculations 18 3.10 Hazen-Williams formula 19 3.11 Colebrook-White equation 19. Archimedes’ Screw Design: Archimedes’ screw consists of a screw, which is nothing but a helical surface wound around a cylindrical shaft, fitted inside a hollow pipe. On setting it up at an angle with the water level and turning the shaft manually or by a windmill, the water raises up the helical structure of the screw to the top end. The (Archimedean) screw Pumps are well-known for their excellent qualities such as the simple & rugged design, the high efficiency, the capacity to pump raw water and their lifetime reliability. The (Archimedean) screw Pumps are well-known for their excellent qualities such as the simple & rugged design, the high efficiency, the capacity to. The screw-pump concept is attributed to Archimedes (287-212 BCE). The design of the windmill drive on the pump shaft originated in Holland before 1600. Andrew Oliver, who founded the Oliver Salt Company (absorbed by the Leslie Salt Company in 1936), designed this version of the wind-driven Archimedes screw-pump.
The Archimedes screw, also known as Archimedes' screw, the Archimedean screw or the screwpump is a machine historically used for transferring water from a low-lying body of water into irrigation ditches. It was one of several inventions and discoveries traditionally attributed to Archimedes in the 3rd century BC, though this has been debated in modern times.
Contents
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Design
The Archimedes' Screw consists of a screw inside a hollow pipe. The screw is turned usually by a windmill or by manual labour. As the bottom end of the tube turns, it scoops up a volume of water. This amount of water will slide up in the spiral tube as the shaft is turned, until it finally pours out from the top of the tube and feeds the irrigation systems.It was mostly used for draining water out of mines.
The contact surface between the screw and the pipe does not need to be perfectly water-tight because of the relatively large amount of water being scooped at each turn with respect to the angular frequency and angular speed of the screw. Also, water leaking from the top section of the screw leaks into the previous one and so on, so a sort of mechanical equilibrium is achieved while using the machine, thus preventing a decrease in mechanical efficiency.
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In some designs, the screw is fixed to the casing and they rotate together instead of the screw turning within a stationary casing. A screw could be sealed with Pitch resin or some other adhesive to its casing, or, cast as a single piece in bronze, as some researchers have postulated as being the devices used to irrigate the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Depictions of Greek and Roman water screws show the screws being powered by a human treading on the outer casing to turn the entire apparatus as one piece, which would require that the casing be rigidly attached to the screw.
“ | The design of the everyday Greek and Roman water screw, in contrast to the heavy bronze device of Sennacherib, with its problematic drive chains, has a powerful simplicity. A double or triple helix was built of wood strips (or occasionally bronze sheeting) around a heavy wooden pole. A cylinder was built around the helices using long, narrow boards fastened to their periphery and waterproofed with pitch[1] | ” |
Uses
Along with transferring water to irrigation ditches, this device was also used for reclaiming land from under sea level in the Netherlands and other places in the creation of polders. Cyber software free download. A part of the sea would be enclosed and the water would be pushed up out of the enclosed area, starting the process of draining the land for use in farming. Depending on the length and diameter of the screws, more than one machine could be used to successively lift the same water.
Archimedes screws are used in sewage treatment plants because they cope well with varying rates of flow and with suspended solids. An auger in a snow blower or grain elevator is essentially an Archimedes screw.
![Pump Pump](/uploads/1/2/4/9/124912381/171312956.jpg)
Archimedes Screw Pump Design Manual Download
The principle is also found in pescalators, which are Archimedes screws designed to lift fish safely from ponds and transport them to another location. This technology is primarily used at fish hatcheries as it is desirable to minimize the physical handling of fish.
The invention of the water-screw is traditionally credited to Archimedes of Syracuse in the 3rd century BC.[2] The Assyriologist historian Stephanie Dalley, however, attributes its invention to 6th century BC Assyria, during the time of King Sennacherib.[3] John Peter Oleson, on the other hand, is of the opinion that there is a 'total lack of any literary and archaeological evidence for the existence of the water-screw before ca. 250 BC'.[4] A screw can be thought of as an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
It can also be found in some injection moulding machines, die casting machines and extrusion of plastics to 'pump' out the molten liquid.
Variants
An Archimedes screw seen on a combine
Main article: Screw conveyor
A screw conveyor is an Archimedes' screw contained within a tube and turned by a motor so as to deliver material from one end of the conveyor to the other. It is particularly suitable for transport of granular materials such as plastic granules used in injection moulding, and cereal grains. It may also be used to transport liquids. In industrial control applications the conveyor may be used as a rotary feeder or variable rate feeder to deliver a measured rate or quantity of material into a process.
Reverse action
If water is poured into the top of an Archimedes' screw, it will force the screw to rotate. The rotating shaft can then be used to drive an electric generator. Such an installation has the same benefits as using the screw for pumping: the ability to handle very dirty water and widely varying rates of flow. Settle Hydro and Torrs Hydro are two reverse screw micro hydro schemes operating in England.
See also
- Spiral pump[5]
- water screw
Footnotes
Archimedes Screw Parts
- ^Online copy of Dalley/Oleson article
- ^Oleson 2000, pp. 242–251
- ^ Stephanie Dalley and John Peter Oleson (January 2003). 'Sennacherib, Archimedes, and the Water Screw: The Context of Invention in the Ancient World', Technology and Culture44 (1).
- ^Oleson 1984, pp. 292
- ^Spiral pump related to archimedes screw
References
- Oleson, John Peter (2000), 'Water-Lifting', in Wikander, Örjan, Handbook of Ancient Water Technology, Technology and Change in History, 2, Leiden, pp. 217–302 (242–251), ISBN 90-04-11123-9
- Oleson, John Peter (1984), Greek and Roman mechanical water-lifting devices. The History of a Technology, Dordrecht: D. Reidel, ISBN 90-277-1693-5
- P. J. Kantert: „Manual for Archimedean Screw Pump“, Hirthammer Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-88721-896-6.
- P. J. Kantert: „Praxishandbuch Schneckenpumpe“, Hirthammer Verlag 2008, ISBN 978-3-88721-202-5.
Archimedes Screw Principle
External links
Archimedes Screw Pump Design Manual Free
- Technology and Culture Volume 44, Number 1, January 2003 (PDF) Dalley, Stephanie. Oleson, John Peter. 'Sennacherib, Archimedes, and the Water Screw: The Context of Invention in the Ancient World'
- Plywood archimedean screw water pump, how to build a functioning Archimedes screw pump (Archived 2009-10-25)
- 'Archimedean Screw' by Sándor Kabai, Wolfram Demonstrations Project, 2007.